Born March 23, 1914 · Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Died September 16, 1968 · Los Angeles, California, USA.
Won the Oscar for best screenplay "The Defiant Ones" (1958) under the pseudonymous Nathan E. Douglas after being blacklisted for invoking his Fifth Amendment rights while testifying before the 1953 House Committee on Un-American Activities. Nominated for Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium Oscar in 1961 for "Inherit The Wind" (along with Harold Jacob Smith).